For this we need mechanisms for controlling the order and the conditions under which the statements are executed.

Elementary programs of the kind discussed so far (containing input, formula translation and output) do not have the ability to apply conditions to the process or to repeat sections of the code. The statements within a Fortran program are implemented in their natural order. Note: FTN95 can be configured so that IMPLICIT NONE is the default for all program units (see the compiler options /CONFIG and /IMPLICIT_NONE).ħ Pengaturan Langkah Perintah / Flow Control To do this, include the statement IMPLICIT NONE before any type declarations. In order to avoid this happening, it is recommended that the implicit typing facility be switched off.

Moreover, if a variable name is spelled incorrectly, the implicit typing rule will cause the rogue variable to be declared leading to erroneous results. However, the use of this implicit typing is not recommended. Variables that are not declared are assumed to be either INTEGER or REAL depending on the first letter in the name. The next example is similar but uses REAL numbers: PROGRAM Prog3 REAL x WRITE(*,'(a)',ADVANCE='NO') 'Enter a real number:' READ *,x PRINT *, 'The result is:', x/ E6 END PROGRAM Prog3Ħ Penjelasan In Fortran it is possible to use a variable without explicitly declaring its type. Here is a simple example: PROGRAM Prog2 INTEGER i,j READ *, i j = 2*i+3 PRINT *, j END PROGRAM Prog2 input Evaluasi formula output Many elementary Fortran programs will include 3 (three) components: The input of data which is stored as variables The evaluation of formulae using the input data The output of the results Input Hitungan / evaluasi formula Output END PROGRAM Prog1įortran is designed for formula translation.

Comments may be included as required, for example: PROGRAM Prog1 PRINT *, 'Welcome to FTN95' ! Output a simple message. statements END Optional items are shown in square brackets. Presentation on theme: 'Unsur-unsur Algoritma'- Presentation transcript:Ģ Bentuk Program A simple program takes the form:

Contoh algoritma pemrograman if